Korea is home to a rich array of traditional foods, many of which have become less familiar in modern times. One such food is Okchundang (옥춘당), a traditional Korean candy with a unique blend of history and cultural significance.
Overview of Okchundang
Okchundang is a traditional Korean candy made from a base of rice flour and malt mixed with colorful dyes to create a vibrant, patterned treat. The name "Okchun" translates to "beautiful jade" and "radiant spring," reflecting the candy's association with springtime beauty and its colorful, jewel-like appearance. Originally made with rice flour and malt, today’s version often uses a combination of malt syrup and sugar. Variations include the addition of peppermint or sesame seeds.
Historical Background
The exact origin of Okchundang is uncertain, but records from 1719 show its presence. Notably, in 1795, King Jeongjo used Okchundang in a feast for Queen Heongyeong (Heongyeonggung Hong). By the late 1800s, Okchundang was mentioned in literature, and during the Japanese occupation, Japanese merchants sold sugar candies under the name "Okchundang," which contained a significant amount of sugar.
Unique Features of Okchundang
The colorful patterns on Okchundang are created by layering dyed malt strips, then cutting and pressing them into shape. This method is similar to the process used for decorated cookies. Traditionally, Okchundang is very hard, often requiring a hammer to break it into pieces before consumption, or it can be licked and sucked to dissolve. Modern versions are softer and easier to chew, with variations that include peppermint flavor or sesame seeds.
Modern Okchundang
In the 2020s, smaller versions of peppermint-flavored Okchundang have become popular, as well as improved versions with sesame seeds or other fillings. Okchundang candy (Okchun candy) has also emerged, with a rectangular shape and the same colorful, sugary appeal. The candy has gained popularity as an ASMR item due to the pleasing sounds it makes when the candies collide, similar to the crunch of tanghulu.
International Comparisons
Okchundang shares a similar taste with the French military ration "Le Trois," which also features a sweet, candy-like flavor. This international comparison highlights Okchundang's unique place in the world of confectionery.
Korean traditional foods offer not only culinary delight but also a window into Korea's rich cultural heritage. Okchundang, with its distinctive history and modern adaptations, continues to be a beloved treat, bridging tradition and contemporary tastes.
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